新媒：“双重压力”致华水污染严重 农村是重灾区
??(Camp)? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????.[1] ?? ??? ????? ??, ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????.[2]
?? ??? ??, ???, ???? ? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ? ? ??. ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????, ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??. "?? ??? ???? ???." ??? ??? ???? ??? ????.[3] ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??.
?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??, ??? ??? ?? ??? "????"(cheesy)? ????? ??. 1909?? ? ??? ????? ?? "???, ???, ???, ???; ?????? ?????" ??? ????, 1970?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? "???, ???, ???, ?? ... ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???."?? ?????."[4] ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? 〈??? ?? ??〉(1964?)?? "???, ????? ??? ??, ??? ??"? ??? ?? ??? ?????.[5]
??? ??
[??]1870?, ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? "??? ??"(campish undertakings)? ???? ??. ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???.[6] 1909? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??.
????, ???, ???, ????; . ??? '??' ??, ???? ?. (1909? ?? ??); ??? ??? ??? ??.
??? ??? ? ??? "????? ????". ??? ??? ??? ??? "??? ???? ??? ???"? ???? ???? "? ??"(se camper)?? ????? ???? ??.[7][8] ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????.[9] ??? ??? 1954? ????? ????? ?? ?? 〈??? ??〉(The World in The Evening)?? ?????, ?? 1964? ?? ??? ??? ?? 《"??"? ?? ??》(Notes on "Camp")?? ??? ??? ??? ?????.[10][11]
??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???. ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????. ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????.[12] ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????. ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??(? ?) ? "????"(over the top) ?? ??? ?????. ?? ????? ???? 1960?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ?? ? ??? ?? ?????. ? ???? ??? "?? ???"? ?????.[13][14]
?? ??
[??]????
[??]??? ???? ???? ? "?????? ?? ??"(1999?~2000?)? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ABC ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????.[15][16][17] ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ASS ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ?? "??, ? ?? ???"(2013?)? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??.[18][19]
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[??]?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ? ???("?? ????", 1972?)? ?? ? ?????("?? ???", 1971?)? ???, ??? 1970??? ?? ? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????.[20][21]
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??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? "??? ??"??? ??? ?? ???? ? ? ???.[22] ?? 1970?? ?? ???? ? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????.[23][24] ???? ??? ? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? "《??》? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????."[25] ?? ? ?? ??? ??? ???? "??? ??"?? ?????.[26]
??? ?????? ?? ?????.[27] ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????, ??? ??, ??? ??? ??? "?? ?" ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????.[27][28][29][30][31] ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? 1950??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????.[32][33] ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????, ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???.[31][33] ??? ?? ??? ? ??? ?? ?? ??? "Great White Lady" ??? "??? ??" ??? ?????.[29][34] ??? ?? ???? ?? ? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? 21?? ?? ???? ???? ????.[35][36] ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??, ?? ???, ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??.[37][38]
??? ??? ??? ??? ??? Judas ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??. ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??, ??, ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????.[39] ??? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? "??? ??"?? ?????.[40]
??? ??
[??]"??"(camp)? "??"(kitsch)?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????. ? ?? ??, ??, ??, ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ? ??. ??? "??(kitsch)"? ????? ?? ??? ?????, "??(camp)"? ?? ??? ????. ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ? ??. ?? ??? ??? ?? ??, ??? ?? "???? ??" ??? ????? ???? ????.[41]
??? ?? "???" ??? "???" ??? ????[42] ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??, "??? ? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??" ? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????.[43]
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[??]- ↑ Babuscio (1993, 20), Feil (2005, 478), Morrill (1994, 110), Shugart and Waggoner (2008, 33), and Van Leer (1995)
- ↑ Kerry Malla (January 2005). Roderick McGillis, ??. “Between a Frock and a Hard Place: Camp Aesthetics and Children's Culture”. 《Canadian Review of American Studies》 35 (1): 1–3. 2019? 10? 10?? ???.
- ↑ Kerry Malla (January 2005). Roderick McGillis, ??. “Between a Frock and a Hard Place: Camp Aesthetics and Children's Culture”. 《Canadian Review of American Studies》 35 (1): 1–3. 2019? 10? 10?? ???.
- ↑ Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language, 1976 edition, sense 6, [Slang, orig., homosexual jargon, Americanism] banality, mediocrity, artifice, ostentation, etc. so extreme as to amuse or have a perversely sophisticated appeal
- ↑ Harry Eiss (2016? 5? 11?). 《The Joker》. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 26?. ISBN 978-1-4438-9429-6.
- ↑ 'My "campish undertakings" are not meeting with the success they deserve. Whatever I do seems to get me into hot water somewhere;...':The Times(London), 30 May 1870, p. 13, 'The Men in Women's Clothes'
- ↑ Harper, Douglas. “camp (adj.)”. 《Online Etymology Dictionary》. 2016? 9? 14?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2016? 8? 21?? ???.
- ↑ Entry "camper" ??? 14 5? 2011 - ??? ??, in: Dictionnaire de l'Académie fran?aise, ninth edition (1992). "2. Fam: Placer avec fermeté, avec insolence ou selon ses aises.] Il me parlait, le chapeau campé sur la tête. Surtout pron. Se camper solidement dans son fauteuil. Se camper à la meilleure place. Il se campa devant son adversaire. 3. En parlant d'un acteur, d'un artiste: Figurer avec force et relief. Camper son personnage sur la scène. Camper une figure dans un tableau, des caractères dans un roman." (Familiar: To assume a defiant, insolent or devil-may-care attitude. Theatre: To perform with forcefulness and exaggeration; to overact; To impose one's character assertively into a scene; to upstage.)
- ↑ Esther Newton (1978): Mother Camp: Female Impersonators in America, University of Chicago Press. - ????? (??? ????).
- ↑ Susan Sontag (2019? 6? 14?). 《Notes on "Camp"》. Picador. 4?. ISBN 978-1-250-62134-4.
- ↑ ???, ??? (2020? 6?). “?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? - ???? ???? ??? ???? -”. 《??????????》 (?????????) 20 (2): 105.
- ↑ Esther Newton (1978): Mother Camp: Female Impersonators in America, University of Chicago Press. - ????? (??? ????).
- ↑ Moe Meyer (2010): An Archaeology of Posing: Essays on Camp, Drag, and Sexuality, Macater Press, ISBN 978-0-9814924-5-2.
- ↑ Moe Meyer (2011): The Politics and Poetics of Camp, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-51489-7.
- ↑ Maasik, Solomon, Sonia, Jack (2011). 《Signs of Life in the USA: Readings on Popular Culture for Writers》. Bedford/St. Martin's. ISBN 9780312647001. 2017? 8? 9?? ???.
- ↑ “'Strangers with Candy': After-school special, Sedaris style”. 《Orange County Register》. 2006? 7? 6?. 2017? 8? 6?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2019? 5? 19?? ???.
- ↑ “'Strangers with Candy': After-school special, Sedaris style”. 2006? 7? 6?. 2017? 8? 6?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2017? 8? 6?? ???.
- ↑ filmmakermagazine.com/27295-courtney-fathom-sells-hi-8-hi...
- ↑ “COURTNEY FATHOM SELL: SO YOU WANNA BE AN UNDERGROUND FILMMAKER?”. 《Filmmaker Magazine》. 2015? 6? 27?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2015? 3? 23?? ???.
- ↑ “John Waters: King of Camp and Auteur of Cult Trash”. 《Film Daze》. 2019? 6? 12?. 2022? 3? 5?? ???.
- ↑ Kapczynski, Jennifer M.; Richardson, Michael David (2012). 《A New History of German Cinema》. ISBN 9781571135957. 2022? 3? 5?? ???.
- ↑ “She's Reigned Pop Land since the 70s, She's the Queen of Camp, She Believes in Life after Love. She's Cher, and She's Still Fantastic”. 《Sunday Mirror》. 2016? 5? 29?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2016? 4? 21?? ???.
- ↑ “Cher is Love magazine's latest cover 'girl' at 69”. 《The Daily Telegraph》. 2018? 11? 18?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2016? 4? 21?? ???.
- ↑ “Cher-ishing the Queen of Camp”. 《Daily News》. New York. 2017? 11? 4?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2016? 4? 21?? ???.
- ↑ Gnojewski, Carol (2007). 《Madonna: Express Yourself》. Enslow Publishing. 114?. ISBN 978-0-7660-2442-7. 2022? 3? 31?? ???.
- ↑ Drushe, Bruce E.; Peters, Brian M. (2017). 《Chapter 12, Camp, Androgyny, and 1990: Strike a Pose》. Lexington Books. 216?. ISBN 978-1-4985-3777-3. 2022? 3? 31?? ???.
- ↑ ? ? Peter Silverton. 〈Dusty Springfield (British singer) – Encyclop?dia Britannica〉. 《Britannica.com》. 2013? 9? 28?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2013? 8? 17?? ???.
- ↑ Annie J. Randall (Fall 2005). “Dusty Springfield and the Motown Invasion”. 《Newsletter》 (Institute for Studies in American Music, Conservatory of Music, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York) 35 (1). 2012? 6? 25?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2013? 8? 17?? ???.
- ↑ ? ? Laurense Cole (2008) Dusty Springfield: in the middle of nowhere, Middlesex University Press. p. 13.
- ↑ Charles Taylor (1997). Mission Impossible: The perfectionist rock and soul of Dusty Springfield, Boston Phoenix.
- ↑ ? ? 〈Springfield, Dusty〉. 《glbtq – An Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer Culture》. 2005. 2012? 7? 15?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2013? 8? 17?? ???.
- ↑ Annie J. Randall, Associate Professor of Musicology Bucknell University (2008). 《Dusty! : Queen of the Post Mods: Queen of the Post Mods》. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199716302. 2017? 1? 16?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2013? 8? 17?? ???.
- ↑ ? ? Bob Gulla (2007) Icons of R&B and Soul: An Encyclopedia of the Artists Who Revolutionized Rhythm, Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 978-0-313-34044-4
- ↑ Patricia Juliana Smith (1999) "'You Don't Have to Say You Love Me': The Camp Masquerades of Dusty Springfield", The Queer Sixties pp. 105–126, Routledge, London ISBN 978-0-415-92169-5
- ↑ "Exploring Psy's Digital Dandy Appeal In 'Gangnam Style' " ??? 22 1? 2014 - ??? ?? (3 October 2012) Rolling Stone (retrieved 21 April 2013)
- ↑ Rauhala, Emily (2013? 4? 13?), “Psy Unveils His New 'Gentleman' Video and Dance at Extravagant Seoul Concert”, 《Time》, 2013? 4? 17?? ?? ???? ??? ??, 2013? 4? 21?? ???
- ↑ “Geri Horner talks Spice Girls, solo regrets and her kinship with the gay community”. 《Attitude》. 2017? 1? 5?. 2021? 2? 20?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2021? 1? 10?? ???.
- ↑ Kelly, Emma (2020? 12? 11?). “Geri Horner threatened with assassination on stage by Admiral Duncan nail bomber”. 《Metro》. 2021? 1? 10?? ???.
- ↑ Stan Hawkins (2014? 1? 3?). 〈I'll bring You Down, Down, Down'〉. Martin Iddon; Melanie L. Marshall. 《Lady Gaga and Popular Music: Performing Gender, Fashion, and Culture》. Routledge. 17–18?. ISBN 978-1-134-07987-2.
- ↑ Allaire, Christian (2022? 1? 2?). “Katy Perry Is Still the Queen of Camp”. 《Vogue》. 2022? 1? 3?? ???.
- ↑ Susan Sontag (2009? 7? 2?). 《Against Interpretation and Other Essays》. Penguin Modern Classics. ISBN 978-0-14-119006-8. 2013? 6? 2?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2011? 9? 6?? ???.
- ↑ Susan Sontag. “Notes On "Camp"”. 《faculty.georgetown.edu》. 2019? 10? 1?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2019? 10? 10?? ???.
- ↑ Anna Malinowska (2014? 9? 26?). 〈1, section 1: Bad Romance: Pop and Camp in Light of Evolutionary Confusion〉. Justyna St?pień. 《Redefining Kitsch and Camp in Literature and Culture》. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 11?. ISBN 978-1-4438-6779-5.
??
[??]- Babuscio, Jack (1993) "Camp and the Gay Sensibility" in Camp Grounds: Style and Homosexuality, David Bergman Ed., U of Massachusetts, Amherst ISBN 978-0-87023-878-9
- Feil, Ken (2005) "Queer Comedy", in Comedy: A Geographic and Historical Guide Vol. 2. pp. 19–38, 477–492, Maurice Charney Ed., Praeger, Westport, CN ISBN 978-0-313-32715-5
- Levine, Martin P. (1998) Gay Macho, New York UP, New York ISBN 0-8147-4694-2
- Meyer, Moe, Ed. (1994) The Politics and Poetics of Camp, Routledge, London and New York ISBN 978-0-415-08248-8
- Morrill, Cynthia (1994) "Revamping the Gay Sensibility: Queer Camp and dyke noir" (In Meyer pp. 110–129)
- Helene A. Shugart and Catherine Egley Waggoner (2008) Making Camp: Rhetorics of Transgression in U.S. Popular Culture, U of Alabama P., Tuscaloosa ISBN 978-0-8173-5652-1
- Van Leer, David (1995) The Queening of America: Gay Culture in Straight Society, Routledge, London and New York ISBN 978-0-415-90336-3
? ????
[??]- Core, Philip (1984/1994). CAMP, The Lie That Tells the Truth, foreword by George Melly. London: Plexus Publishing Limited. ISBN 0-85965-044-8
- Cleto, Fabio, editor (1999). Camp: Queer Aesthetics and the Performing Subject. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-06722-2.
- Padva, Gilad (2008). "Educating The Simpsons: Teaching Queer Representations in Contemporary Visual Media". Journal of LGBT Youth 5(3), 57–73.
- Padva, Gilad and Talmon, Miri (2008). "Gotta Have An Effeminate Heart: The Politics of Effeminacy and Sissyness in a Nostalgic Israeli TV Musical". Feminist Media Studies 8(1), 69–84.
- Padva, Gilad (2005). "Radical Sissies and Stereotyped Fairies in Laurie Lynd's The Fairy Who Didn't Want To Be A Fairy Anymore". Cinema Journal 45(1), 66–78.
- Padva, Gilad (2000). "Priscilla Fights Back: The Politicization of Camp Subculture". Journal of Communication Inquiry 24(2), 216–243.
- Meyer, Moe, editor (1993). The Politics and Poetics of Camp. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-08248-X.
- Sontag, Susan (1964). "Notes on Camp" in Against Interpretation and Other Essays. New York: Farrer Straus & Giroux. ISBN 0-312-28086-6.
